Displaying items by tag: bpmn 2

Thursday, 25 April 2024 09:00

Transaction Modelling with BPMN 2.0

Often, when I am out and about delivering BPMN training to our clients, I am asked if it is possible to model the ability to “undo” certain actions within a process model.

The answer is of course yes, BPMN 2.0 provides us with the necessary tools to show this kind of action via transaction modelling.

As you may or may not know, BPMN 2.0 is broken down into several disciplines, see below:

The tools offered by the notation that allow us to undertake transaction modelling fall firmly into the realm of Analytical Modelling.

This means that for users of Sparx Systems Enterprise Architect, we will find everything we need in the toolboxes for BPMN Collaboration and Process diagrams.


Elements for Transaction Modelling

When we say Transaction in reference to BPMN 2.0, we are in fact talking about a Transaction Sub-Process.

A Transaction Sub-Process refers to the coordinated execution of multiple activities such that they will all complete successfully or, in the event of a cancellation, the activities are rolled back to a state equivalent to none of them completing.

To create a Transaction in Enterprise Architect, you first need to create a Sub-Process and then set the Tagged Value isATransaction in the element properties:

 

The Cancel Event is an interrupting boundary event that can only be used on the boundary of a Transaction Sub-Process.

This event will be triggered should the Transaction reach a state in which a Cancel End Event has been reached. The event will then Cancel (not just a clever name) all successfully completed activities within the Transaction that have defined compensating activities and undo them so that they are in a state equal to none of them having been completed.

 

Note for Enterprise Architect Users: despite Enterprise Architect allowing you to set any intermediate event as a Cancel, this event type cannot be used used mid-flow and must be attached to a Transaction Sub-Process.

 

Transaction Modelling with BPMN 2.0 - Cancel End Event
The Cancel End Event is a type of BPMN 2.0 End Event that is used within a Transaction Sub-Process.

Should this End Event be reached within a Transaction Sub-Process, it will then trigger the Cancel Event attached to the boundary of the Transaction.

 

Transaction Modelling with BPMN 2.0 - Compensation Event
Transaction Modelling with BPMN 2.0 - Compensating Activity
When undertaking Transaction Modelling, should we wish to undo the Activities contained within the Transaction Sub-Process, then alongside the Cancel event types we will also need to employ Compensation Events and Compensating Activities.

An Activity can only be rolled back if it has a Compensation Event set as an interrupting boundary event. This will then need to be connected to a Compensation Activity (or Sub-Process) via the Association relationship.

To mark an activity for compensation in Enterprise Architect, you will need to access the element properties and set the tagged value isForCompensation to true:
Compensation Tagged Value

 

Transaction Modelling with BPMN 2.0 - Compensation End Event
The Compensation End Event allows us to model a process where we have an option to defer rollback until later on in the process.

When triggered, this End Event will terminate the process and will itself trigger any Compensation Events within the process, and by association any Compensating Activities, allowing us to rollback after the successful completion of our Transactions.

Approaches to Transaction Modelling

Self-Cancelling

When talking about transaction modelling and the phrase “self-cancelling activities” comes up, it is referring to any activities (including Sub-Processes) within a transaction that can be undone should a Cancel End Event be triggered.

A Transaction can contain a single or multiple self cancelling activities.

In the example below we can see that we have a Transaction Sub-Process (modelled as expanded) that contains multiple activities that can be undone when the Compensation Events are triggered by the Cancel Events.

Each of these compensable activities is then linked to a Service Task that is marked for compensation, and it is this Compensation Activity that roles the others back to a state where none of them have been completed.

Note: Whilst it is good practice for an Activity to have one sequence flow in and one out, the same is not true for Associations as can be seen in the example below.

Transaction Modelling with BPMN 2.0 - Self Cancelling Activities

Deferred Cancellation

Deferred cancellation of activities happens when we model a way for our Transaction Sub-Processes to be undone after they have been successfully completed. We do this by implementing a Compensation End Event somewhere in our possible sequence of events. An example of this is shown in the process below:

Transaction Modelling with BPMN 2.0 - Deferred Cancellation

Note: Whilst the example above has been modelled with the Transactions in expanded fashion this is has been done for illustrative purposes. It is better practice to keep things simple and model the Transactions in collapsed fashion and link to the other diagrams via abstraction.

It is also worth noting that we do not model any link between the Compensation and Cancel End Events and the events that they trigger. I recommend using the same names for each, as per the examples above, to show that there is a logical link between them.

This concludes our look at Transaction Modelling in BPMN 2.0, I hope you found it a useful explanation.


How can Dunstan Thomas help you with BPMN 2.0?

Dunstan Thomas have been Sparx Systems partners for the last 18 years, delivering training and consulting services around Enterprise Architect to organisations spanning multiple markets.

Leverage the knowledge and experience of our expert consultants to supplement your teams with services such as:

Published in Tutorials

Ability Engineering: Training, Consulting, Mentoring

Ability Engineering has recently added three new offerings to their Enterprise Architect training portfolio. 


The first new course is Enterprise Architect for teams. This is completely new content, distilled from many years of experience (and lessons learned the hard way) working in a range of organisations and with many different models. This training covers all the issues that an organisation needs to address in order to make its Enterprise Architect implementation successful.

EA for teams is a day long workshop which covers the practicalities of structuring your models and setting up your project team to work together effectively. Topics include:

  • Sharing Enterprise Architect data
  • Baselines, XMI and DIFFS
  • Reference Data
  • Reusable Asset Service
  • Security
  • Harvesting
  • Scripts
  • MDGs
  • Organisation and Roles
  • Rolling out Enterprise Architect

EA in a Day

The EA in a Day format has been developed in response to customer demand, to rapidly bring team members up to speed to focus on a particular technique and how to model it in Enterprise Architect. There are currently two 'flavours' of EA in a Day:

1. EA in a Day: Use Cases

This course covers Best Practice in Use Case modelling using Structured Scenarios. Using examples and exercises, delegates learn how to build 'fully dressed' use cases and some common bear traps to avoid. In the afternoon delegates are then hands on in Enterprise Architect, modelling their morning's work.

2. EA in a Day: BPMN 2.0

This course looks at the technique of business process modeling: when to use it, how to do it, and what tools to use. It doesn’t try to teach everything about BPMN – there’s just too much to take in at one sitting, so we cover a workable, practical sub-set. With examples and exercises to reinforce the concepts.

Using the results of the exercises completed in the morning, we then explore the BPMN 2.0 implementation in Enterprise Architect, model the processes and discover hints and tips to make our analysis clear and, where appropriate, re-useful.


For a full list of Ability Engineering training options, plus details of content and pricing, visit http://www.abilityengineering.co.uk/index.php/training

 

Published in News
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Wednesday, 29 July 2015 06:18

Factoring and Enterprise Architect

Factoring has been around for hundreds, if not thousands of years and today the global worth of the factoring business is estimated to be over €2.25 trillion. 

Partho Chakraborty and Arvind Sonmale, recently published a book called “Factoring - A Powerful Tool in the World of Finance”.  In this publication Enterprise Architect  was used to create the Business Process models using BPMN 2.0. 

 

 

Factoring as means of finance is very ancient and there has been much written on the topic. What we currently see on Factoring can be considered the classical form.

 

Today the customer is very discerning and wants more and the aim of this book is to go beyond classical factoring. 

This book is in 3 parts and introduces new topics and techniques, with a lot of examples and some live cases.  It contains many graphical examples, some of which are unique as it gives information on and traces our history on this ancient monetary system while providing a view of factoring and it’s value in a modern context.

Published by Notion Press, the book is available through Amazon.

Published in News